To meet the immense requirement for carbon dioxide removal, no single method will suffice. A diverse portfolio is essential, as each approach brings its unique set of strengths, co-benefits, and limitations.
CDR focus methods
Other CDR Methods
Soil Carbon Sequestration
This method enhances soil carbon storage through practices like no-till farming, cover cropping, and organic amendments.
Peatland and Wetland Restoration
This approach involves re-wetting degraded areas by re-establishing natural water regimes and installing water control structures to promote moss growth and subsequent vegetation development, enhancing carbon storage, biodiversity, soil, and water quality.
Biomass Burial
Biomass burial refers to collecting and burying organic materials (e.g., crop residues and wood) and is primarily in the experimental stage.
Bio-Oil Injection
This approach converts biomass into bio-oil through pyrolysis and injects it into deep geological formations.
Blue Carbon Management
Management of blue carbon refers to the restoration and conservation of coastal and marine ecosystems like mangroves, seagrasses, and tidal marshes, which naturally capture and store large amounts of carbon.
Ocean/River Alkalinity Enhancement
This method can increase the ocean’s capacity to absorb and store CO₂ by adding alkaline minerals to seawater.
Ocean Fertilization
Disperses nutrients like iron sulfate into the ocean to stimulate phytoplankton growth, which absorbs CO₂ during photosynthesis. However, this method faces significant challenges, including the risk of harmful algal blooms and disruptions to marine ecosystems.
Direct Ocean Removal
This approach directly extracts CO₂ from seawater, e.g., via electrochemical methods or membrane-based technologies.
Biomass Sinking
Biomass sinking involves cultivating marine seaweed or terrestrial plants and sinking them into the deep ocean for long-term carbon storage.
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